Outlook 2024: Transition must balance sustainability with social cost

Many African nations rely on oil and gas revenues, but a just transition will need a careful balance

The global energy transition is underway, with policymakers seeking to decarbonise the energy mix to secure a sustainable future for the planet. This, of course, is in everyone’s interest and it’s a common goal that humanity should rightly focus on. However, the pace and shape of this energy transition is markedly different between the developed and developing world. There are diverse views on how an equitable and just global transition can be delivered to meet climate goals, while allowing developing nations to grow their economies to the benefit of their populations, as well as ensuring there is sufficient energy supply to meet growing global demand. Despite trillions of dollars’ worth of