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Europe’s rising energy security challenge
Across Europe, countries have grappled with balancing ambitious energy transition plans with realities about security of supply
Explainer: How the EU will wean itself off Russian gas
Questions remain about how the phase-out will be implemented and enforced in practice
Russia’s fuel crisis: Difficult but not catastrophic
International and opposition media claim that two-fifths of the country’s refining capacity is offline, but the true situation is not so dire
From green goals to ground realities
As the EU remains deadlocked over its 2040 emissions goal, the IEA has tempered its climate rhetoric, forecasting that oil and gas will continue growing over the coming decades
Fear and loathing in US LNG buildout
Overall gas optimism is blighted by concerns over lingering regulatory and infrastructure hurdles that could hamper expansion of US LNG exports, weaken security and stifle AI ambitions
Hungary defends Russian energy use
Claims the country lacks alternatives to Russian oil and gas may be exaggerated, although higher costs and reduced security of supply are legitimate concerns.
Europe’s malaise offers risk and opportunity for Turkey
The EU and Turkey should look beyond stalled accession talks and towards a new partnership that encompasses energy integration and carbon alignment
European gas in strong position as winter looms
Plentiful supplies of LNG and weaker competition from Asia mean the continent looks in good shape ahead of the cold season
GECF pours cold water on US-EU energy trade deal
The framework deal is more about symbolic transatlantic solidarity more than increasing actual trade volumes, according to the GECF
Latest EU sanctions largely toothless
Without US backing, the EU’s newest sanctions package against Russia—though not painless—is unlikely to have a significant impact on the country’s oil and gas revenues or its broader economy
EU Europe Refining
Peter Ramsay
26 February 2021
Follow @PetroleumEcon
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European refiner hopes for a driving season

Varo sees the potential for a desire to holiday but a reluctance to fly recreating the US phenomenon on the other side of the Atlantic

 Global jet fuel demand is unlikely to recover until 2022 at the earliest but will possibly take until 2024 to get back to pre-pandemic levels, in the views of trader Vitol, bank JP Morgan and European refiner Varo. But the last of these sees the possibility for an appetite in Europe to travel but not to get on a plane to create a so-called ‘driving season’ similar to those of the US spring/summer, where driving to vacation spots is more common. “We do not think jet demand is going to go back to pre-Covid levels before 2022,” Giovanni Serio, global head of research at Vitol told a Bloomberg panel to coincide with IP Week in late February. “Jet is not a matter of consumer behaviour, it is a m

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