Divided on shale

Poor data, bans on fracking and regulatory confusion are hurting prospects for European unconventional gas

Tensions between Russia and Ukraine have reinforced Europe's long-term plans to develop its own domestic reserves of unconventional gas. On paper, at least, Europe has a good chance. Recoverable shale gas reserves amount to 470 trillion cubic feet (cf), according to the US' Energy Information Administration (EIA). But developing this trove is taking longer than people hoped. Complex geology, inadequate data and contrasting attitudes towards hydraulic fracturing (fracking) are to blame.  Disappointing test results from the first wave of exploration, coupled with uncertainty over rules governing future investment and - in some areas - resounding public opposition have also forced some major c