IMO 2020 promises widespread disruption

Large-scale changes in refinery operations will be just one of the major changes the new regulations will bring to the energy landscape

From 1 January 2020, international bunker fuels have needed to meet a much tighter maximum sulphur specification of 0.5pc, versus 3.5pc currently, due to the new regulations implemented by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). This change aims to effectively eliminate one of the largest sources of SOx emissions, accounting for roughly 10pc of the global total from all sources.Although exhaust gas scrubbers on ships will cover some of the requirement, along with a very limited amount of LNG bunkers, the vast majority of demand will need to change to low sulphur bunker fuels.From a refining standpoint, this will require a major shift in the blendstocks used to make marine fuels, initi

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