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OPEC’s discipline sets tone for 2026
OPEC+ remains on track as output falls, with only Gabon failing to hit its output targets in December, although Kazakhstan’s compliance was involuntary
OPEC presses pause
The group’s oil production declined in November, our latest analysis finds, amid divided sentiment over market balances and geopolitical jitters
Letter from London: Oil’s golden triangle
The interplay between OPEC+, China and the US will define oil markets throughout 2026
OPEC+ nears output targets amid unsolved riddles
OPEC+ has proven to be astute at bringing back oil production, but mysteries around Chinese buying, missing barrels and oil-on-water have left the group in wait-and-see mode
OPEC+ exposes its producers’ limits
Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Iraq appear to be only members able to increase output as Russia approaches close to maximum capacity
Letter from Vienna: OPEC at 65
Following its founding in September 1960, OPEC has become a key player in the global energy sector and a vital source of market stability
OPEC’s realignment
The group is cleansing itself of non-compliers and resetting expectations as it unwinds quicker than expected in a bid to go beyond production quotas
OPEC+ off-target in July
The producers’ group missed its output increase target for the month and may soon face a critical test of its strategy
The great OPEC+ reset
The quick, unified and decisive strategy to return all the barrels from the hefty tranche of cuts from the eight producers involved in voluntary curbs signals a shift and sets the tone for the path ahead
Difficult times for Germany’s downstream
Europe’s refining sector is desperately trying to adapt to a shifting global energy landscape and nowhere is this more apparent than in its largest economy
Trends Opec Oil markets Natural Gas markets Low carbon energy markets
Jon Clark
10 July 2018
Follow @PetroleumEcon
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Markets on the rise

The oil-price recovery has helped to improve the outlook for oil and gas capital markets

Capital raised by oil and gas companies reached $530bn in 2017. Although a partial recovery from 2016's nadir, this remains low compared to recent historical levels and is around 70% off the peak we saw in 2014. In 2017, all sources of capital—loans, bonds and equity—came in at lower than the five-year average. While access to capital has undoubtedly improved, a host of other factors are also at play. Internal cash generation has recovered along with commodity prices. In parallel, capital discipline and efficiency measures have reduced the sector's capital intensity to some extent, and alternative sources of capital such as forward sales or divestments to private equity are also increasingly

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